When you buy through links on our articles, Future and its syndication partners may earn a commission. Credit: Scharvik/Getty Images Most species of bacteria can be broadly divided into two groups, ...

There are many ways of classifying bacteria. One method is based on the cell membrane. In 1884, a bacteriologist named Christian Gram created a test that could determine if a bacterium had a thick, ...

Pili are filamentous surface structures that play a key role in the adhesion, colonisation and biofilm formation of Gram-positive bacteria. These multiprotein appendages are assembled through a highly ...