Understanding the boundary layer transition and the influence of surface roughness in hypersonic flows is critical for advancing aerospace design and safety. At these extreme speeds, the interplay ...

At hypersonic speeds, complexities occur when the gases interact with the surface of the vehicle such as boundary layers and shock waves. Researchers were able to observe new disturbances in ...

Hypersonic boundary layer dynamics and stability form a critical research area with implications for the design and operation of high-speed aerospace vehicles. At speeds exceeding Mach 5, the ...